描述
控制系統(tǒng)冗余設計的目的:系統(tǒng)運行不受局部故障的影響,而且故障部件的維護對整個系統(tǒng)的功能實現(xiàn)沒有影響,并可以實現(xiàn)在線維護,使故障部件得到及時的修復。冗余設計會增加系統(tǒng)設計的難度,冗余配置會增加用戶系統(tǒng)的投資,但這種投資換來了系統(tǒng)的可靠性,它提高了整個用戶系統(tǒng)的平均無故障時間(MTBF),縮短了平均故障修復時間(MTTR),因此,應用在重要場合的控制系統(tǒng),冗余是非常必要的。
二個部件組成的并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)(互為冗余)與單部件相比,平均無故障時間是原來的1.5倍。系統(tǒng)的可用性指標可以用兩個參數(shù)進行簡單的描述,一個是平均無故障時間(MTBF),另一個是平均修復時間(MTBR)。系統(tǒng)的可用性可用下式表示:
系統(tǒng)可用性=MTBF/(MTBF+MTBR)
當可用性達到99.999%時,系統(tǒng)每年停止服務的時間只有6分鐘。
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